句型：特殊句型知识点综合讲解及习题专练（附答案）

一. 特殊句型知识点：

（一）与so相关的特殊句型：

1.表示前后状况一样：

(1) So（上一句为肯定句）+ be/助动词/情态动词 +主语.

(2) Neither(上一句为否定句) + be/助动词/情态动词 +主语.

(3)注意：此句型中的主语与上一句的主语不同；若上一句使用的是be动词，此结构中也需用be动词，即前后需一致。

e.g.①--Tom is a student.                --So are they.

        --Tom isn’t a student.          --Neitherare they.

②--She can play the guitar.      --Socan I.

--She can’t play the

guitar.   

--Neithercan I.

③--Mary has finished his homework.   

    --So have I.

    --Mary hasn’t finished his homework. 

    --Neither have I.

④--Tom plays basketball every day.       

    --So does Mary.

    --Tom doesn’t play basketball every day.

    --Neither doesMary.

2.表示确实如此：

(1) So（上一句为肯定句）+主语+ be/助动词/情态动词.

(2)Neither(上一句为否定句) +主语+ be/助动词/情态动词.

  (3)此句型中的主语与上一句的主语需一致且此句型中的主语为代词；若上一句使用的是be动词，此结构中也需用be动词，即前后需一致。

  e.g.①--Tom is a student.                --So he is.

        ②--She can’t play the guitar.         

            --Neither she can.

          ③--Mary has finished his homework. 

            --So she has.

3.补充：

(1) be动词：am / is / are / was / were

(2)助动词：do / does / did/have(完成结构)/has(完成结构)/had（完成结构）

(3)情态动词：

①can，could (能；会)；

②may，might (可以) ；

③must(必须)；

④shall，should(应该)；

⑤will，would(愿意)；

⑥need需要

⑦dare敢

（二）与助动词相关的强调句型：do，does和did有时可以放在句子中，起强调作用。

  e.g. Tom did do the thing yesterday.

          My father does like watching books.

（三）选择疑问句：

1.定义：需要进行选择性回答的问句；构成和一般疑问句相似，但含有or(选择)这个词；不能用yes或者no来回答；

(1)如果后面的选择是两者，除了直接回答，还可以用both（两者都），either（两者中其中一者）或者neither（两者都不选）来作答；

e.g. Do you like tea or milk?

Milk. /Tea. /Both. /Either. / Neither…

(2)如果后面的选择是三者或三者以上，除了直接回答，还可以用all（所有），each（一者）或者none（都不选）来作答。

  e.g. DoesTom like apples, oranges or pears?

      Apples. / Oranges. / Pears./ Apples and oranges./ All./ Each./ None…

（四）倒装：

(1)用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子, 表示重复的内容。

e.g. ①--He has been to Beijing.

            --So have I.

      ②--Jack can not answer the question.

          --Neither / Nor can I.

      ③--John won the first prize in the contest.

          -- So he did.

(2) as (虽然)引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装结构，将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。

e.g. Tired as I was, I tried to help them.

        Try as he would, he couldn’t open the door.

        Hard as I study, I can not catch up with him. 

        Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl. (提前的名词前要省去冠词)

(3) “Only + 状语 (副词, 介词短语或从句)” 放在句首时，主句需要部分倒装。

    e.g. Only when you listen to me attentively can you

understand what I am saying.

            Only then did he realize his mistakes.

            Only in this way can you learn math well.

(4)含有否定意义的副词或连词，如 never，hardly，seldom，little，at no time，not until，no/not，rarely 等放在句首时，需要部分倒装。

  e.g. I did not make a single mistake.

    —— Not a single mistake did I make.

We have never seen such a sight before.

    —— Never before have we seen such a sight.

He seldom goes to school

late.

——Seldom does he go to school late.

(5)在so/such … that结构中, so或such引导的部分放在句首时，需要部分倒装。

  e.g. He spoke so loudly that even people in the next room could hear him.

    ——So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.

      Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.

二. 习题专练及参考答案：

（一）习题专练：

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