系统性文献综述工具总结(持续汇总中)
大概内容:首先简要介绍一下常用的一些框架及标准,其次参照PRISMA以及SPAR-4-SLR,从searching, screening, data management /analysis 三个维度介绍一些方便的工具。
参照:
Tools (ioe.ac.uk)
Software and Tools - Systematic Reviews - LibGuides at Lancaster University
Text mining for searching and screening the literature - Guides at McGill Library
0. Protocol/framework
这个在我的一篇公众号文章中 如何写文献综述: 概念 分类及规则 中提到了一些常用的,比如
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PRISMA ( Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), 提供了一系列的checklist及可供研究者自行创造流程图: PRISMA Flow Diagram (shinyapps.io). 还有一些extension.
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PICO Framework. Population - Characteristics of the population or sample; Intervention - Treatment or exposure being studied; Comparison - Alternative treatment or exposure as control; Outcome - Results or endpoints measured.
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Cochrane Library. 提供了很详细的handbook来操作SR,常用于healthcare.
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EPPI-Centre. Developed by the Evidence for Policy and Practice Information Centre
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SPAR-4-SLR. Structured Procedure for Aiding the Reproduction of Systematic Literature Reviews. Business, social 可考虑
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ADO. Antecedents, Decisions, and Outcomes framework. Paul and Benito (2018)
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ROSES pro forma and flow diagram. RepOrting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses, 常用于环境科学。ROSES Flow Chart (shinyapps.io)
1. Searching/Identification
关键在于 定义研究概念 -> 确定研究问题 -> 计划搜索策略
对于领域尚在发展 或没有什么已定的terminology, ontology, model, dictionaries 的情况下,最好是LLM (NLP) 进行 search keywords 的 探索性搜索 (当然,要基于较为完整的理论知识)。
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SR-Accelerator. 可识别 n-gram
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AntConc, 可n-gram, 聚类,常用场景是已识别出高频词后 为了增加搜索的precision (如用在SR-Accelerator之后)
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Termine. 比较old了,不大推荐使用
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LitSearchR, 综合了RAKE keyword frequency/n-gram, grouping, network analysis 等的R package. 有提供shiny界面,但shiny会受限于上传文件的默认大小 (5MB)。
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Yale MeSH Analyzer. 依旧适用于MeSH terms 也就是医学主题词, 受限于MeSH database.
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PubMed PubReMiner: a tool for PubMed query building and literature mining (amc.nl) 适用于pubmed的搜索,免费
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Ananse. 参考 An automated method for developing search strategies for systematic review using Natural Language Processing (NLP) - ScienceDirect,用了litsearchr 类似的techniques
2. Screening
这里的screening包含 semi-automation screening tool, 以及方便统一管理进行screening, inclusion & exclusion 的软件。
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Abstrackr semi-automated, 注册后免费使用
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ASReview,半自动化screening process, 用的是主动学习,可下载portable
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SWIFT-Review. Uses statistical text mining and machine learning to rank order documents in the screening process
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revtools | An R package for screening in evidence synthesis projects
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DistillerAI Paid (free for librarians; contact them directly)
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Covidence. free for Cochrane authors and fee-based for others
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Rayyan. completely free tool,相对covidence来讲,没有prescribed workflow,
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EPPI-Reviewer. knowledge synthesis. Paid (free for Cochrane collaborators).
3. Data management/analysis
包括文献管理、后续分析、报告、描述、可视化等等。
文献管理自然是诸如 endnote, mendely, zotero 之类的,可以实现remove duplicates, unify, bulk export 等等
分析自是可以根据自己需求,做SR SLR, 文献分析,文本分析等等,描述报告方式根据方法不同略有差异
可视化可使用之前介绍过的一些知识图谱/网络的方法,可用工具或者python, R 等实现,这里不赘述。
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