Above vs. over

When we use 'above' as a preposition, it means ‘higher than'. Its meaning is close to that of the preposition 'over'. In the following sentences, 'over' can be used instead of 'above':

The waves came up above/over her head and she started screaming.

She is a nervous flier. But once the plane got above/over the clouds, she started to relax.

We use 'above', but not 'over', to refer to things that are at an upper or higher level:

Do they live in that chalet above the village?

Not: Do they live in that chalet over the village?

We usually use 'above', but not 'over', when there is no contact between the things referred to. 'Over' or 'on top of' have a more general meaning, and can be used when one thing touches or covers another:

They made her comfortable and put a blanket over her.

Not: They made her comfortable and put a blanket above her.

We normally use 'over' not 'above' with numbers:

I get over sixty emails a day.

Not: I get above sixty emails a day.

If you weigh over 100 kilograms, then you may need to start a diet.

Not: If you weigh above 100 kilograms, then you may need to start a diet.

When we talk about temperatures in relation to 'zero' or ('the) average', we use 'above' not 'over':

It was three degrees above zero.

Not: It was three degrees over zero.

When we refer to temperatures in other contexts, we can normally use 'above' or 'over':

The temperature is already above/over 30 degrees.

Typical errors

• We don't use 'over' to mean ‘higher level'.

Most of the race is 500 metres above sea level.

Not: Most of the race is 500 metres over sea level.

• We don't use 'above' when one thing touches or covers another.

Pour some cream over the tart and serve it warm.

Not: Pour some cream above the tart and serve it warm.

• We don't use 'above' with numbers.

Over 100 people complained about the programme.

Not: Above 100 people complained about the programme.