A. Texts & Notes

1. It's ten o'clock.

弗朗西斯的表丢了，他急匆匆地跑出来，见一警察，就问：
Francis: Can you help me?
Policeman: Yes, sir.
Francis: What's the time?
Policeman: It's ten o'clock.
Francis: Ten o'clock?
Policeman: Yes, it's ten o'clock.

注1. 英语询问几点钟，说：What's the time? 回答时说：It's … o'clock.
注2. 英语用下列说法表示时间：
整点钟：It's nine o'clock. （九点。）
半点钟：It's half past nine.（九点半。）
过一刻：It's (a) quarter past nine. （九点一刻。）
差一刻：It's (a) quarter to ten. （十点差一刻。）
It's thirteen minutes past ten. （十点十三分。）
It's twenty (minutes) to eleven. （十一点差二十分。）
英语习惯以三十分钟为界，三十分钟前说，几点过几分；三十分钟后说，几点差几分。
英语中还有一种表示时间的说法是按表面数字说，如：5:30 念作 five thirty；9:45 念作 nine fourty-five；10:05 念作 ten five。
注3. 数词20-100的读法：
21__twenty-one；22 __ twenty-two；23__twenty-three；24__twenty-four；25__twenty-five
26__twenty-six；27__twenty-seven；28__twenty-eight；29__twety-nine；30__thirty
40__forty；50__fifty；60__sixty；70__seventy；80__eighty；90__ninety；100__a hundred

2. We close at five thirty.

一位妇女走到一家商店门口，正遇上售货员挂上“停止营业”的牌子。
Woman: Are you open?
Shop Assistant: No, we are closed. Sorry. We close at 5:30 on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and friday. And we close at 12:30 on Wednesday and Sturday. And we're closed on Sunday. We open at 9:15 every day.

注4. open 即可以是动词，也可以用作形容词，在Are you open? 这上句中，用于系动词 be 之后，为形容词意指商店等“开着门的”、“营业的”。如：The shop is open. 如说：We open at nine every day. 或问：When time do the shop open? 也是说商店是否开门、营业，但 open 用作动词。
注5. close 与 open 意思相反，用法相似：We are closed on Sunday. （形容词）We close at 18:30. （动词）
注6. 英语动词有时态变化，即用不同的动词形式表示动作发生的不同时间，用动词原形表示一般现在时， 一般现在时表示包括“现在”在内的一段时间里经常发生的的动作或存在的状态，如：We close at 5:30 on Monday. 意思是星期一五点半关门是个规律、制度，总是如此。
注7. 注意介词 at 用于钟点，on 用于日子。at half past ten. on Sunday.
注8. 英语简单句的基本结构有两种，
主语+系动词+表语：My name （主） is （系）Mary Brown（表）. The cinema（主） is （系）in Market Street（表）.
主语+谓语+（宾语）：I （主）can take（谓） your luggage（宾）. We （主）open （谓）at 9:15 every day（宾）.
谓语为及物动词时有宾语，谓语为不及物动词时无宾语。
注9. 英语里星期几每个词开头第一个字母均需大写。

3. When do the trains leave?

一男一女走到火车站，向售票员打听火车的运行情况。
Man: When do the trains leave for London, please?
Prancis: Trains for London, sir? They leave at ten minutes past every hour, and twenty miniutes to every hour.
Man: Ten past and twenty to.
Girl: And when do they arrive in London?
Francis: They arrive in London at five minutes to every hour. Look! This train will leave at ten ten and it'll arrive in London at ten fifty-five.
Man: Leave here, ten ten; arrive in London at ten fifty-five.
Francis: And the next train will leave at ten forty.
Man: When do the trains leave?
Francis: Then leave at eight ten. eight forty, nine ten, nine forty, ten ten, and the next train will leave at ten forty.
Man: I see. Can we take the ten past ten train?
Francis: I'm sorry, sir. You can't take that one.
Man: Oh! It's ten fifteen.
Francis: Yes. It's - er - ten - er- fifteen.

注10. 英语名词的复数形式一般是在词尾加 -s 。如：one train, tow trains; one minute, tow minutes; one shop, tow shops。
注11. to leave 是“离开”，但 leave for 是 “ leave（原地）for（目的地）”，即“开往”、“去向”，for 表示目的。如：When will you leave for England? （你何时去英国？）
注12. 动词的一般将来时态用助动词 will 加原形动词表示。如：This train will leave at ten ten. The shop will open at 9:15. 简略形式：It'll open at 9:15.
注13. I see. 是经常用的口头语，意为“我知道了”或“我懂了”。
注14. 英语用 take 这个动词来表示乘车的“乘”，如：take the ten past ten train （乘十点十分的火车）。to take 的基本概念是“拿”、“取”，但是在不同的搭配中有不同的意思，例如：to take a photo 意思是拍一张照。

B. Exercise

1. 请听录音，记熟一星期七天的读法和拼法。
   Monday 星期一；Tuseday 星期二； Wednesday 星期三； Thursday 星期四
   Friday 星期五；Saturday 星期六；Sunday 星期日
2. 电视片和录音带中有这样一段：一家商店被窃，警察向店主了解情况，请听后回答。
   （1）店员早上什么时候上班? 八点半。
   （2）商店何时开门？九点。
   （3）店员何时下班？六点。
3. 听录音填空：
   Policeman: When do the staff arrive, Mr Birds?
   Birds: At half pass eight every morning?
   Policeman: And when do the doors open?
   Birds: At nine o'clock.
   Policeman: Every day?
   Birds: Yes, every day except Sunday.
   Policeman: And when do the staff leave, Mr Birds?
   Birds: At six o'clock.
   Policeman: Every day?
   Birds: Yes. At six o'clock on weekdays and one o'clock, on Saturdays.

Can you tell me the trains to Oxford?
Oxford tains at five mimutes to the hour every hour. You can get a train from Paddington, leave five to four, arrives in Oxford four fifty- five, And the train leaves Oxford ten fifty-five, arrive in London Paddington eleven fifty-five.

4. What's the time, please?

   

   （1）It's three o'clock.
   （2）It's eleven thirty. It's half past eleven.
   （3）It's tow forty. It's twenty to three.
   （4）It's tow fifty. It's ten to three.
   （5）It's twelve twenty-fifve. It's twenty-five minutes past twelve.
   （6）It's eight fifteen. It's quarter past eight.

5. 将 at 或 on 填入下列空白：
   The shops open at 9:00 every day and close at 5:30 or 6 o'clock. They are closed on Sunday, and on Wednesday or Saturday afternoon.
   The banks open at 9:30 every morning and close at 3:30, but they are closed on Saturdays and Sundays.

C. Summary

1. 说法和用法

（1）询问时间：What's the time, please?
（2）说明时间：
几点正：It's … o'clock.
几点过一刻：It's (a) quarter past …
几点半：It's half past …
几点差一刻：It's (a) quarter to …
几点过几分：It's … minutes past …
几点差几分：It's … minutes to …
另一种说法是读出数字，如：5:20 读 five twenty
（3）说出星期几：It's Monday.
（4）询问商店几点开、关门：When do the shops open / close?
（5）说出商店何时开、关门：We open at 9:00 every day. We close at 5:30 on Monday.
（6）问火车何时出站：When do the trains leave?
（7）问说出火车何时开出：The trains leave at ten to two.
（8）说出下一班车何时开出：The next train will leave at five to three.

2.语法

（1）英语中用动词时态形式的变化表示动作发生的不同时间。
一般现在时：由原形动词构成（但遇主语为第三人称单数时，动词后面加-s或-es），表示包括“现在”在内的一段时间里经常发生的的动作或存在的状态。
一般将来时：由动词 will 加原形动词构成，表示将要发生的事和将会存在的状态。
（2）英语简单句的两种基本结构是：
主—系 — 表
主—谓（—宾）

What's the time?
It's eight o'clock.
It's quarter past four.
It's half past nine.
It's quarter to twelve.
It's eleven forty-five.
She's late.
We open at nine fifteen.
When do the trains leave?
The next train will leave at ten forty.

D. Words & Expressions

单词与表达方式	单词与表达方式
time /taɪm/ n. 时间	Sunday /ˈsʌndeɪ/ n. 星期日
o'clock /əˈklɒk/ …… 点钟	every /ˈevri/ adj. 每
half /hɑːf/ n. 一半; adj. 半	day /deɪ/ n. 天
	train /treɪn/ n. 火车
	to leave /tu liːv/ vt. vi. 离开
past /pɑːst/ prep. 过（表示时间）	to leave for 去向
quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 四分之一，一刻钟	minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ n. 分（钟）
	hour /ˈaʊə(r)/ n. 小时
	to arrive /tu əˈraɪv/ vt. 到达
now /naʊ/ adv. 现在	next /nekst/ adj. 下一个
late /leɪt/ adj. 迟了	when /wen/ adv. 何时
to close /tu kləʊz/ vt. vi, 关闭；结束	few /fjuː/ adj. 少数的
	a few 几个
closed /kləʊzd/ adj. 关闭的	question /ˈkwestʃən/ n. 问题
Monday /ˈmʌndeɪ; ˈmʌndi/ n. 星期一	certainly /ˈsɜːt(ə)nli/ adv. 当然可以
Tuesday /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/ n. 星期二
Wednesday /ˈwenzdeɪ/ n. 星期三	staff /stɑːf/ n. 工作人员
Thursday /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/ n. 星期四
Friday /ˈfraɪdeɪ/ n. 星期五	except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外
Saturday /ˈsætədeɪ/ n. 星期六

附：Follow me （欧洲版教材）