Day212|柏拉图的蓄力期:流亡十二载,满载而归
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The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第3节III. The Preparation of Plato第3段第9句:
Meanwhile his efforts to save Socrates had marked him out for suspicion by the democratic leaders; his friends urged that Athens was unsafe for him, that it was an admirably propitious moment for him to see the world. And so, in that year 399 B.C., he set out. Where he went we cannot for certain say; there is a merry war of the authorities for every turn of his route. He seems to have gone first to Egypt; and was somewhat shocked to hear from the priestly class which ruled that land; that Greece was an infant-state, without stabilizing traditions or profound culture, not yet therefore to be taken seriously by these sphinxly pundits of the Nile. But nothing so educates us as a shock; the memory of this learned caste, theocratically ruling a static agricultural people, remained alive in Plato's thought, and played its part in writing his Utopia. And then off he sailed to Sicily, and to Italy; there he joined for a time the school or sect which the great Pythagoras had founded; and once again his susceptible mind was marked within the memory of a small group of men set aside for scholarship and rule, living a plain life despite the possession of power. Twelve years he wandered, imbibing wisdom from every source, sitting at every shrine, tasting every creed. Some would have it that he went to Judea and was moulded for a while by the tradition of the almost socialistic prophets; and even that he found his way to the banks of the Ganges, and learned the mystic mediations of the Hindus. We do not know.
浙江大学译本::但这些是真是假,我们已无法考证。
解析
这句是对前一句的补充。前一句都是个别人的观点,没有达成过共识。
1、We do not know.
但这些是真是假,我们已无从考证。
整段
这段主要讲柏拉图流亡十二年的重要地点,以及这些地点大致对他的思想产生了影响。埃及让他意识到如何管理底层,西西里意大利让了解如何组建统治阶层。此外还有些无法考证的行程,去过犹太地区及恒河,可能受过社会主义倾向的先知的影响,以及修炼过印度教的冥想。
此时,他为拯救苏格拉底所做的种种努力招致了民主派领袖的猜疑;朋友力劝他,现在雅典对他已经不安全,却是他出去看世界的绝佳时机。就这样,在那年,即公元前399年,他出发了。他具体去过哪些地方无从确定,对于行程的每一变化,专家之间总会一场愉快的争论。他似乎先去了埃及。他从那片土地的统治者祭司阶层听到,希腊尚处于襁褓阶段,没有稳定的传统也没有深奥的文化,因而还不值得这些尼罗河畔的斯芬克斯专家认真对待,这让他有些震惊。可是没有什么比震惊更让我们受教育;学识阶层以神权方式统治着稳定的农业民族的这种记忆,在柏拉图思想一直鲜活,并在写《理想国》时起了作用。之后他坐船去了西西里岛及意大利。在那里,他一度加入由伟大的毕达哥拉斯创建的学派或教派;也是在那里,一小群人专门作为学者兼统治者,他们掌握着权力却过着简朴的生活,这再次在他那敏感的心灵留下了深刻的印记。他在外漂泊了十二年,从每处汲取智慧,在每个神殿聆听教诲,体悟每个信仰。有人说他还去过朱迪亚,并一度受有社会主义倾向的先知的影响。甚至有人说他去了恒河两岸,并学会了印度教神秘的冥想。但这些是真是假,我们已无从考证。
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