Day251|伦理学问题:窃钩者诛,窃国者侯

上句见:Day250
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第4节IV. The Ethical Problem第3段引文第4句:

Socrates is not frightened; he continues to ask rather than answer; and after a minute of parry and thrust he provokes the unwary Thrasymachus to commit himself to a definition:
"Listen, then," says the angry Sophist, "I proclaim that might is right, and just is the interest of the stronger…. The different forms of government make laws, democratic, aristocratic, or autocratic, with a view to their respective interests; and these laws, so made by them to serve their interests, they deliver to their subjects a 'justice', and punish as 'unjust' anyone who transgresses them…. I am speaking of injustice on a large scale; and my meaning will be most clearly seen in autocracy, which by fraud and force takes away the property of others, not retail but wholesale. Now when a man has taken away the money of the citizens and made slaves of them, then, instead of swindler and thief he is called happy and blessed by all. For injustice is censured because those who censure it are afraid of suffering, and not from any scruple they might have of doing injustice themselves"(3338-44).
浙江大学译本:现如今,假如一个人抢走其他人的钱并将他们变成奴隶,这个人不仅不会被众人斥为骗子或小偷,反而会被说成是幸福的、被保佑的。

解析

这句话讲述了大面积的非正义的结果,与小规模的非正义结果大相径庭。出自《庄子·胠箧》的“窃钩者诛,窃国者侯”,与之有异曲同工之妙。
1、Now when a man has taken away the money of the citizens and made slaves of them, then, instead of swindler and thief he is called happy and blessed by all.
现如今,倘若有人抢走公民的钱并将其变成奴隶,那么,此人非但不被斥为骗子和小偷,反而被称为幸福且幸运的人。swindler: people who steal,窃贼
词源:来自德语“Schwindler”(爱吹牛的人、骗子),相对应的德语动词“schwindeln”(欺骗、说谎)。
All other swindlers upon earth are nothing to the self-swindlers, and with such pretenses did I cheat myself.世上所有其他的骗子都比不上那些自我欺骗的人,而我就是带着这样的借口欺骗了自己。《远大前程》

现如今,倘若有人抢走公民的钱并将其变成奴隶,那么,此人非但不被斥为骗子和小偷,反而被称为幸福且幸运的人。

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作者:倾城
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