Day254|伦理学问题:软弱等于善良?尼采笑了
上句见:Day253
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第4节IV. The Ethical Problem第4段第2句:
This, of course, is the doctrine which our own day more or less correctly associates with the name of Nietzsche. "Verily I laughed many a time over the weaklings who thought themselves good because they had lame paws."11 Stirner expressed the idea briefly when he said that "a handful of might is better than a bagful of right." Perhaps nowhere in the history of philosophy is the doctrine better formulated than by Plato himself in another dialogue, Gorgias (483 f), where the Sophist Calicoes denounces morality as an invention of the weak to neutralize the strength of the strong.
They distribute praise and censure with a view to their own interests; they say that dishonesty is shameful and unjust — meaning by dishonesty the desire to have more than their neighbors; for knowing their own inferiority, they would be only too glad to have equality…. But if there were a man who had sufficient force [enter the Superman], he would shake off and break through and escape from all this; he would trample under foot all our formulas and spells and charms, and our laws, that sin against nature…. He who would truly live ought to allow his desires to wax to the uttermost; but when they have grown to their greatest he should have courage and intelligence to minister to them, and to satisfy all his longings. And this I affirm to be natural justice and nobility. But the many cannot do this; and therefore they blame such persons, because they are ashamed of their own inability, which they desire to conceal; and hence they call intemperance base…. They enslave the nobler natures, and they praise justice only because they are cowards.
11Thus Spake Zarathustra, New York, 1906, P.166
浙江大学译本:“确实,我时常嘲笑那些弱者,他们自以为有了一双跛脚就称得上强大了,”①
①《查拉图斯特拉如是说》,第166页;纽约,1906
解析
这句继续补充说明第一句。尼采所看不起的一种人,把软弱与善良画起等号。
1、"Verily I laughed many a time over the weaklings who thought themselves good because they had lame paws."11
“确实,我时常嘲笑那些弱者,他们因自身软弱就自认为善良。”
Verily: old-fashioned, certainly or truly真实地,确实;
Verily, there must be a special place for me.真的,一定有一个特别的地方适合我。《羊皮卷》
many a time: many times,屡次,一次又一次
Tolerably, for I had gone up the staircases in the dark, many a time.还算凑合,因为我已经在黑暗中多次爬上过这些楼梯了。《远大前程》
weakling: a weak person 孱弱的人;弱小的动物;性格软弱的人;
Yet he does not speak or act like a weakling of the pans.然而,他的言谈举止并不像弱者。《沙丘》
lame: having an injured leg or foot that makes walking difficult or painful,跛的;瘸的
It was tattooed backwards on a lame stable boy.它被反向纹在了一个跛脚马童的身上。《摩登家庭第七季》
这里的“lame paws"来隐喻这个人“软弱”。
2、11Thus Spake Zarathustra, New York, 1906, P.166
Thus Spake Zarathustra,即《查拉图斯特拉如是说》,文中引用的是1906年出版于纽约的Thus Spake Zarathustra。
这本书主要提到了“上帝已死”“超人哲学”以及“永恒轮回”。中文版家里有,但是没有看过一遍,有点畏难情绪,希望今年能看起来。
“确实,我时常嘲笑那些弱者,他们因自身软弱就自认为善良。”
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