备战中考——第462天

2024.01.06周六14

不定冠词的重点用法

7、不定冠词用于单数可数名词前表示身份、职业,尤其用在做表语或宾语补足语的名词前。

I call the cat Mini.我叫这只猫Mini。

She is a high school teacher. Her name is Li Fang.

她是一名高中老师。她的名字叫李芳。

The Whites wanted their daughter to be a musician.

怀特夫妇希望他们的女儿成为一名音乐家。

注意:独一无二的职位名词在句中做表语、补语和同位语时,一般不用冠词,但是如果做了句子的主语或是宾语时候,要在前面加冠词。

He is captain of the team.他是队长。

Zhang Fei, monitor of their class, is good at English.

他们班的班长张飞英语很好。

The manager of the company is good at communication.

公司经理善于沟通。

主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

考点清单:

【知识点讲解】1.概念:英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,否则句子意思就不完整.宾语补足语的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态.宾语和宾语补足语合称为"复合宾语".

2.结构:"主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语".能作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、现在分词形式、动词不定式、介词短语等.

(1)They called him James.他们叫他詹姆斯.(名词做宾补)

(2)We will keep the table clean.我们将保持桌面干净.(形容词做宾补)

(3)I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天理发了.(过去分词作宾补)过去分词作宾补

(4)I saw them getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车.(现在分词做宾补)

(5)He asked me to come back soon. 他要我早点回来.(动词不定式做宾补)

(6)We saw him out. 我们看见他出去了.(副词做宾补)

3.易混淆点:

(1)当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时,用现在分词(正在进行或一直处于某种状态);当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时,用过去分词.

We saw him talking to her. 我们看到他在与她谈话.(正在进行)

She kept us waiting here for an hour. 她让我们在这等了一个小时了.(一直处于某种状态)

I saw him beaten by Tom. 我看到他被汤姆打了.(him与beaten是被动关系)

(2)由动词不定式充当宾语补足语多数是带to的不定式,也有不带to的不定式.

①要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell,ask,invite,force,get,beg,allow,wish,want,like,prefer,intend,expect,encourage,advise,permit,order,warn,cause等.eg.

I would prefer you not to change your plan.

②某些动词如make,have,let,see,hear,watch,notice,feel等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.

The boss make the boy work ten hours a day.老板让这个男孩一天工作是个小时.(变为被动语态时,不定式符号to必须保留)

The boy was made to work ten hours a day.这个男孩被迫每天工作十个小时.

4.中考命题方向:这个知识点在中考中出现的比较多.

(1)I think ___ necessary to learn English well.

      A. its          B. it            C. that      D. that is

(2)Tell him _____ the window.

(3)Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made

      ____ by his little sister.

      A. cry; to cry  B. crying; crying    C. cry; cry    D. to cry; cry

(4)They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line.

      A.to risk going    B. risking to go

C. for risk to go D. risk going

(5)I found the door _____ when I got home.

      A. opened          B. close      C. unlocking  D. open

表语:

表语是什么意思?

解答

什么是表语 ?在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语.从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分.

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